The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and is limited by the continents of Asia, Europe and North America. It is 1/12 of the area of Pacific Ocean. It is almost round shaped. It has usually a thickness of about 5 meters of ice on it. It has an average depth of 4,000 meters. The deepest part is 6,152 meter deep. Islands have been formed due to submergence. The main islands are Novaya Zemlya, islands of Canada, Spitsbergen, Wear, etc., and stand on the submerged ridges.
Marginal Seas. Beaufort sea (Alaska), the Eastern Siberian sea, Liptev Sea, Kara Sea, etc., surround the Antarctic Ocean.
Continental Shelf. Broadest shelves of the world are from the Arctic sea. The shelf of Berints Sea is 1,200 km. wide and its depth varies from 200 to 400 meters.
U-type trenches exist on the shelf and were probably formed by glacial action. Where the sea level was low as compared to that in the present.
Submarine Ridge. A Faroe-Iceland ridge extends from northern Europe 75 degrees N. Another ridge is called Spitsbergen ridge and its top is below 1,000 meters from sea level.
Basins. More research is needed to locate the basins properly. The Greenland basin is limited by Spitsbergen, John Mayen and Greenland basins. Its depth ranges from 2,000 to 4,000 meters. Northern Pole basin surrounds the North Pole. Its main extension is towards Beaufort Sea in America. It is 1,800 to 3,600 meters deep.
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