It is used in making bread and liquors. As rye bread is cheaper than wheat bread, people of low-income group prefer it. Its consumption is great in Russia, Poland and the Czech Republic.
Rye is typically a crop of poor, leached, acid and podzol soils. It can stand against moisture and requires less heat. Rye is cultivated where wheat cannot be produced because of unfavorable climate and soil.
Europe excluding Russia produced 22 million metric tons in 1987-88, against world total of 39.0 million metric tons. Russia, Germany, Poland, Romania, Holland, Hungary, Canada and Argentina are the producers of rye.
In 1987-88 U.S.S.R produced 17 million metric tons against the worlds rye production of 39.0 million metric tons. She has about 17 million hectares of land under rye cultivation-mostly distributed in Ukraine, Belarus, Transcaucasia, Kazakhstan. Poland is the second largest producer of rye with a total of 8.5 million metric tons. In the U.S.A. the total acreage under rye is a little less than 0.5 million hectares. The growing areas are to be found in the comparatively poor soil and cool climate in North Dakota. South Dakota, Minnesota, Nebraska and central Wisconsin. Argentina produces almost the whole rye of South America.
The international trade in rye is not important. In 1987-88 the total world export of rye was 980 thousand metric tons. The major exporters were Germany, U.S.A., Canada and Argentina. Holland and Finland were the large buyers.
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